FIG. 3. Identification of defects in the plastic region beneath the indenter tip at the maximum depth of the single element tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), and vanadium (V) samples, as well as the binary alloys WMo and WV, using the BCC defect analysis (BDA) technique. Screw dislocation/ twinning planes are represented by yellow-colored atoms, while blue-colored atoms indicate edge dislocations. The top layer atoms are depicted in gray, and atoms in close proximity to vacancies are illustrated by light blue spheres.

FIG. 3. Identification of defects in the plastic region beneath
the indenter tip at the maximum depth of the single element
tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), and vanadium (V)
samples, as well as the binary alloys WMo and WV, using
the BCC defect analysis (BDA) technique. Screw dislocation/
twinning planes are represented by yellow-colored atoms,
while blue-colored atoms indicate edge dislocations. The top
layer atoms are depicted in gray, and atoms in close proximity
to vacancies are illustrated by light blue spheres.