M.T. Mansouri Kia1,2, H.R. Sheibani 3, A. Hoback 4
1 Manager of Dam and Power Plant Construction, Khuzestan Water and Power Authority (KWPA), Ahwaz, Iran.
2 Ph.D., Department of Civil Engineering, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor of PNU University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Professor of Civil, Architectural & Environmental Engineering, University of Detroit Mercy Civil, Rome, Italy.
Abstract
Mared Dam in northern Abadan is under construction on the Karun River and it is the first ship lock in Iran. In this study, the ship’s lock was examined. Every vessel must pass through this lock in order to transport water from Arvand River to Karun and vice versa. The interior dimensions of the Mared Shipping Lock are 160 meters long, 25 meters wide and 8 meters deep. Several important times are calculated for lock operation. 𝑇is the first time the gates open, 𝑇15 the time the initial gates remain open until the height difference between the two sides reaches 150 mm, 𝑇filled is the duration between the start of the opening the gates till the difference between the two ends becomes zero after 𝑇15. Finally, T is the total time required for opening or closing the gates completely. The rotational speeds of the gates range from 5 to 35 radians per minute. Numerical modeling has been used to study fluid behavior and interaction between fluid and gates in flow 3D software. Different lock maintenance scenarios have been analyzed. Important parameters such as inlet and outlet flow rate changes from gates, water depth changes at different times, stress and strain fields, hydrodynamic forces acting on different points of the lock have been calculated. Based on this, the forces acting on hydraulic jacks and gates have been calculated. The minimum time required for the safe passage of the ship through the lock is calculated.
북부 아바단의 마레드 댐은 카룬 강에 건설 중이며 이란 최초의 선박 잠금 장치입니다. 본 연구에서는 선박의 자물쇠를 조사하였습니다. Arvand 강에서 Karun으로 또는 그 반대로 물을 운송하려면 모든 선박이 이 수문을 통과해야 합니다.
Mared Shipping Lock의 내부 치수는 길이 160m, 너비 25m, 깊이 8m입니다. 잠금 작동을 위해 몇 가지 중요한 시간이 계산됩니다. 𝑇은 게이트가 처음 열릴 때, 𝑇15는 양쪽의 높이 차이가 150mm에 도달할 때까지 초기 게이트가 열린 상태로 유지되는 시간, 𝑇filled는 게이트가 열리는 시작부터 이후 두 끝의 차이가 0이 될 때까지의 시간입니다.
𝑇15. 마지막으로 T는 게이트를 완전히 열거나 닫는 데 필요한 총 시간입니다. 게이트의 회전 속도는 분당 5~35라디안입니다. 수치 모델링은 유동 3D 소프트웨어에서 유체 거동과 유체와 게이트 사이의 상호 작용을 연구하는 데 사용되었습니다. 다양한 잠금 유지 관리 시나리오가 분석되었습니다.
게이트의 입구 및 출구 유속 변화, 다양한 시간에 따른 수심 변화, 응력 및 변형 필드, 수문의 다양한 지점에 작용하는 유체역학적 힘과 같은 중요한 매개변수가 계산되었습니다.
이를 바탕으로 유압잭과 게이트에 작용하는 힘을 계산하였습니다. 선박이 자물쇠를 안전하게 통과하는 데 필요한 최소 시간이 계산됩니다.
References
- Ables, J.H., 1978. Filling and Emptying System, New Ship Lock, Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet, Louisiana: Hydraulic Model Investigation, 78. US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station.
- Army, U., 1964. Corps of Engineers, 1965. National Inventory of Physical Resources. Agency for International Development, Costa Rica.
- Belzner, F., Simons, F., Thorenz, C., 2018. An application-oriented model for lock filling processes, 34th PIANC-World Congress (Proceedings). Online verfügbar unter https://coms.events/piancpanama/data/full_pa pers/full_paper_183.pdf, zuletzt geprüft am, pp. 2018.
- Brolsma, J., Roelse, K., 2011. Waterway guidelines 2011. ISBN 9789036900690. Dhanuka, A., Agrawal, S., Mehra, H., 2018. Hydraulic and Structural Design of Navigational Locks. J Civil Environ Eng, 8(297): 2.
- Gao, Z., Fang, S.L., Shi, X.T., Gu, Z.H., 2013. Computation of Filling Time of a Ship Lock. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 256: 2509- 2513.
- Hu, Q., Li, Y., Zhu, L., 2024. Effect of Parameters of Ditch Geometry on the Uniformity of Water Filling in Ship Lock Chambers. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 12(1): 86. Iranian sahel Omid Co., Engineer, L.C., 2015. Numerical Modeling of Flow in Lock Chamber, Abadan ship Lock Dam Project. 0920-4741.
- Iuorio, L., 2024. Dams are fragile: the frenzy and legacy of modern infrastructures along the Klamath and Allegheny Rivers. Water History: 1-26.
- Li, J., Hu, Y., Wang, X., Diao, M., 2023. Operation safety evaluation system of ship lock based on extension evaluation and combination weighting method. Journal of Hydroinformatics, 25(3): 755-781.
- Liu, B., Yang, J., Huang, Y., Wang, L., 2022. Hydraulic Research on Filling and Emptying System of Water-Saving Ship Lock for Navigation-Power Junction in Mountainous River, Smart Rivers. Springer, pp. 1492-1501.
- Mäck, A., Lorke, A., 2014. Ship‐lock–induced surges in an impounded river and their impact on subdaily flow velocity variation. River research and applications, 30(4): 494-507. Mahab., S., 1976. Final technical Report of Feasibility study. 25-96.
- Mansouri Kia, M.T., 2022. Hydraulic design and optimization of navigation lock performance – A case study of Karun and Bahman Shir river locks. . PNU University. The Ph. D thesis (in Civil Engineering).
- Mansouri Kia, M.T., Ansari, Z., 2008. Feasibility of Water Transport in Karun Waterway. 4th National Congress of Civil Engineering, Tehran University Iran: 1-8 (in Persian).
- Mansouri Kia, M.T., Rajabi, E., Sheybani, H.R., 2022. Determining the Optimal Dimensions of River Transportation Channel in Iran. . Fourth International Conference of Civil, Architectural and sustainable green city, Hamedan, Iran. (in Persian): 298-309.
- Moore, F.G., 1950. Three canal projects, Roman and Byzantine. American Journal of Archaeology, 54(2): 97-111.
- Negi, P., Kromanis, R., Dorée, A.G., Wijnberg, K.M., 2024. Structural health monitoring of inland navigation structures and ports: a review on developments and challenges. Structural Health Monitoring, 23(1): 605-645.
- Nogueira, H.I., Van Der Hout, A., O’Mahoney, T.S., Kortlever, W.C., 2024. The Impact of Density Differences on the Hydraulic Design of Leveling Systems: The Case of New Large Sea Locks in IJmuiden and Terneuzen. Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, 150(1): 05023002.
- O’Mahoney, T., De Loor, A., 2015. Paper 55- Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations of the effects of density differences during the filling process in a sea lock. Scott_Wilson;, Piesold., 2005. Karun River, Interim report NO 6, Transportation component.
- Wang, H.-z., Zou, Z.-j., 2014. Numerical prediction of hydrodynamic forces on a ship passing through a lock. China Ocean Engineering, 28(3): 421-432.
- Yang, Z., Sun, Y., Lian, F., Feng, H., Li, G., 2024. Optimization of river container port-access transport based on the innovatively designed electric ship in the Yangtze River Delta. Ocean & Coastal Management, 248: 106976.